Othello (2470 words) Essay Example For Students

Othello (2470 words) Essay Othelloâ€Å"If Othello didn’t start as a play about race, history has made it one.†The Venetian culture that Othello is set in is illustrative of the authors setting. The mentalities and qualities that Shakespeare uncovers through the content are those equivalent perspectives and estimations of Elizabethan culture in England in the sixteenth-century. Despite the fact that Othello is set in Venice and Cyprus, the mentalities and qualities partook in the content are most likely intelligent of the perspectives and estimations of Shakespeares own general public. It is hard to evaluate the mentalities and estimations of individuals in sixteenth-century Britain to the moderately scarcely any blacks living among them. We are given a knowledge into those mentalities and qualities through the portrayal of race and sexual orientation in the content of Othello.These perspectives and qualities are characteristic of what a culture puts stock in and bolsters. When Othello was compos ed the English were turning out to be increasingly more mindful of the presence of different races on the planet other than themselves. There had been a great deal of voyaging and blacks were starting to be utilized in Europe for the slave exchange. During the time the play was composed, the Queen of England had prohibited all blacks from entering the city. She discussed them as â€Å"Negars and Moors which are crawled into the domain, of which sort of individuals there are as of now here too many†. It appears that Shakespeare is practically deriding the Queen by portraying Othello as a dark man who has a high positioning situation in the Army and who weds a white distinguished ladies, without wanting to. Ruth Cowlig recommends that the introduction of Othello as the legend more likely than not been alarming for Elizabethan crowds. This may have been the situation, yet through the portrayal of Othello we can see that a few citizenry, for example, the Duke, investigated his shading to allot him his position while, others, for example, Iago, look on his shading as an approach to deride him. Threatening vibe is appeared to Othello by characters, for example, Iago and Roderigo. This demeanor may have been energized by the far reaching faith in the legend that blacks were relatives of Ham in the Genesis story, rebuffed for sexual abundance by their darkness. The Elizabethans talked about finally whether this skin shading was because of life in a hot atmosphere or whether it was a discipline for transgression. To the Elizabethans, who thought progressively, light complexion was the embodiment of magnificence and thusly brown complexion positioned underneath it. The term dark was utilized in an assortment of writings to represent sin, foulness, offensiveness, insidious, and the Devil. This worth is attributed to Iago when he portrays Othello as the â€Å"black moor† alluding to some different option from simply shading. Perspectives to race aren’t the main mentalities uncovered in the content however. Mentalities and qualities about sexual orientation are additionally uncovered in the depiction of ladies and their activities in the content. A prime case of this is when Desdemona absconds with Othello without her father’s consent, which during that time would have been socially unsatisfactory. This is uncovered to us through Brabantio’s response as Shakespeare utilizes Brabantio as a vehicle for the portrayal of higher society’s sees on issues. Another worth uncovered in the content is that of marriage. In the Elizabethan time marriage was an otherworldly association as well as a property exchange; the lady of the hour brought an endowment from her dad and the groom’s father (or the lucky man in the event that he had just acquired his bequest) needed to settle arrives on her consequently, as a jointure. In this way, to wed without the ladies fathers consent could be viewed as a demonstration of robbery. This may clarify why Brabantio responded so emphatically to the association of Othello and Desdemona.These perspectives and qualities differentiate radically to those credited to society today. These days hued skin is a typical event and a character, for example, Othello would be socially acknowledged. Race is both more acknowledged and more manhandled than in Shakespeares time. With the women's activist development esteems given to ladies have additionally changed radically. This is on the grounds that ladies are presently considered less to be property and a greater amount of an equivalent. Marriage has likewise changed. In the sixteenth century young ladies would in general be offered fairly youthful in their youngsters and to have their spouses decided for them by their dads. Presently young ladies will in general get hitched in their late twenties and are allowed to pick their own accomplice. These perspectives and qualities that are uncovered in the content are done as such through the portrayal of race and sexual orientation. Race and sexual orientation are uncovered in the content by the employments of symbolism, characterisation, plot, complex methods, and language. Dear Bethany... EssayAct II scene I shows Iago’s most grounded sees on ladies. Iago makes speculations of ladies, when he says â€Å"you are pictures out of entryways, ringers in your parlors, wildcats in your kitchens; holy people in your wounds, fiends being outraged; players in your housewifery, and hussies in your beds.† (II.i.109-112). He additionally presents a typical perspective on that period when he says â€Å"You ascend to play, and hit the sack to work†. (II.i.115) This presents the sixteenth-century perspective on ladies being held to be shaky, possibly or really unchaste, and ethically slight. Their sexual wants were spoken to as unnatural hungers. They were likewise thought to be â€Å"unstable sexual animals, prone to deceive men† with â€Å"Appetites never satisfied† . The historical backdrop of the cloth additionally proposes the intensity of female sexuality over men: â€Å"That hanky Did an Egyptian to my mom give; She was a charmer, and could nearly peruse The considerations of individuals: she advised her, while she kept it, Twould make her pleasant and curb my dad Entirely to her love.†(III. iv. 55-60) . Brabantio who speaks to higher society’s perspectives on ladies has a glorified perspective on them. To him girls must be docile, and faithful, by settling on her own choices in marriage, Desdemona speaks to selling out in his eyes. To the individuals of Elizabethan occasions it would most likely appear that Desdemona sabotages her situation in the public eye and changes sexual orientation governmental issues by wedding without her father’s assent. Emilia is a sensational difference to Desdemona, and she is the main character who appears to offer an alternate perspective on ladies. She herself is a significant solid character as a lady as she is sensible, logical, equipped for boldness, faithful and benevolent. In act IV scene iii she conveys a women's activist discourse that addresses society. â€Å"But I do think it is their spouses shortcomings if wives do fall†(IV.iii. 87) . She is a pragmatist and acknowledges people by observing their shortcomings yet tolerating them. She likewise has a women's activist perspective on men â€Å"They are everything except stomachs and we as a whole however food; They eat us hungerly, and when they are full they burp us† (III.iv. 108-110). How society felt about ladies is appeared by their effects on Othellos conduct and who he accepts about Desdemona’s disloyalty. Othello trusts Iago over Desdemona, who is his better half. The ladies in this play dont appear to have especially power, yet in truth they have significantly more force and control than the vast majority think. They hold the play together like paste to paper. On the off chance that Desdemona never had the ability to submit infidelity, at that point it could never have been thought of and Othello could never have fallen. Every one of the ladies in the play are mishandled by men and a casualty of the green looked at beast which doth mock the meat it takes care of on(III. iii. 168-169). Othello is an ideal case of where the ladies are made to appear to be mediocre compared to the men using expressive methods, plot, and utilization of language. Be that as it may, for what reason is this so important?It is significant in light of the fact that ladies in Othello make up the foundation of the play. Without them there to estrange the men and create serious sentiments of affection, contempt and desire, the play couldn't and would not exist. The alleged mediocrity of ladies follows from the way that human social orders have been overwhelmed by men. This may not be so evident now, yet in Elizabethan occasions which is the â€Å"particular time and place† that the mentalities and qualities are uncovered from it was particularly obvious. How these portrayals mirror the mentalities and estimations of Elizabethan culture is through how ladies are depicted in the content as I have examined before. In Elizabethan culture there was a legend of womens unquenchable vulgarity and ladies were viewed as ravenous beasts. It was believed that female sexuality was a danger to the male centric culture, and should be securely contained. In the Encyclopedia of World Mythology it says â€Å"Women in male eyes, should be opposite and puzzling animals, bewilderingly consolidating a wide range of attributes, as variable as chameleons, but then by one way or another vexingly in contact with reality through intuition.† Brabantio is a vehicle for society’s sees on sexual orientation and he shows how society at the hour of Othello would have thought of ladies. All in all, qualities and perspectives of a specific time and spot are uncovered in Othello through the portrayal of race and sexual orientation. How these perspectives and qualities are uncovered is through the manner in which they are depicted, the character development, the complex strategies, the language, the substance of discourse and the imagery. Shakespeare

Multithreaded Delphi Database Queries With dbGo (ADO)

Multithreaded Delphi Database Queries With dbGo (ADO) By plan, a Delphi application runs in a single string. To accelerate a few pieces of the application you should choose to include a few concurrent ways of execution in your Delphi application. Multithreading in Database Applications In many situations, database applications you make with Delphi are single strung a question you run against the database needs to complete the process of (preparing of the inquiry results) before you can bring another arrangement of information. To accelerate information preparing, for instance, bringing information from the database to make reports, you can add an extra string to get and work on the outcome (recordset). Keep perusing to find out about the 3 snares in multithreaded ADO database inquiries: Fathom: CoInitialize was not called.Solve: Canvas doesn't permit drawing.Main TADoConnection can't be utilized! Client Order Scenario In the notable situation where a client places orders containing things, you may need to show all the requests for a specific client along the absolute number of things per each request. In a typical single strung application you would need to run the inquiry to bring the information at that point repeat over the recordset to show the information. On the off chance that you need to run this activity for more than one client, you have to consecutively run the technique for every one of the chose clients. In a multithreaded situation you can run the database inquiry for each chose client in a different string and in this way have the code execute a few times quicker. Multithreading in dbGO (ADO) Lets state you need to show orders for 3 chose clients in a Delphi list box control. type   TCalcThread class(TThread)  private  â â â procedure RefreshCount;  protected  â â â procedure Execute; override;â â public     ConnStr : widestring;     SQLString : widestring;     ListBox : TListBox;     Priority: TThreadPriority;     TicksLabel : TLabel;     Ticks : Cardinal;  â end; This is the interface part of a custom string class we are going to use to get and work on all the requests for a chose client. Each request gets showed as a thing in a rundown box control (ListBox field). The ConnStr field holds the ADO association string. The TicksLabel holds a reference to a TLabel control that will be utilized to show string executing times in a synchronized system. The RunThread strategy makes and runs an occasion of the TCalcThread string class. work TADOThreadedForm.RunThread(SQLString: widestring; LB:TListBox; Priority: TThreadPriority; lbl : TLabel): TCalcThread;var   CalcThread : TCalcThread; start   CalcThread : TCalcThread.Create(true) ;   CalcThread.FreeOnTerminate : valid;   CalcThread.ConnStr : ADOConnection1.ConnectionString;   CalcThread.SQLString : SQLString;   CalcThread.ListBox : LB;   CalcThread.Priority : Priority;   CalcThread.TicksLabel : lbl;   CalcThread.OnTerminate : ThreadTerminated;   CalcThread.Resume;   Result : CalcThread; end; At the point when the 3 clients are chosen starting from the drop box, we make 3 occurrences of the CalcThread: var  â s, sg: widestring;  â c1, c2, c3 : whole number; start  â s : SELECT O.SaleDate, MAX(I.ItemNo) AS ItemCount  â â â â â â FROM Customer C, Orders O, Items I  â â â â â â WHERE C.CustNo O.CustNo AND I.OrderNo O.OrderNo ;  â sg : GROUP BY O.SaleDate ;  â c1 : Integer(ComboBox1.Items.Objects[ComboBox1.ItemIndex]) ;  â c2 : Integer(ComboBox2.Items.Objects[ComboBox2.ItemIndex]) ;  â c3 : Integer(ComboBox3.Items.Objects[ComboBox3.ItemIndex]) ;   Caption : ;  â ct1 : RunThread(Format(%s AND C.CustNo %d %s,[s, c1, sg]), lbCustomer1, tpTimeCritical, lblCustomer1) ;  â ct2 : RunThread(Format(%s AND C.CustNo %d %s,[s, c2, sg]), lbCustomer2, tpNormal,lblCustomer2) ;  â ct3 : RunThread(Format(%s AND C.CustNo %d %s,[s, c3, sg]), lbCustomer3, tpLowest, lblCustomer3) ; end; Traps and Tricks With Multithreaded ADO Queries The principle code goes in the strings Execute technique: system TCalcThread.Execute;var   Qry : TADOQuery;  â k : number; begin  inherited;  CoInitialize(nil) ;/CoInitialize was not called   Qry : TADOQuery.Create(nil) ; â try//MUST USE OWN CONNECTION/Qry.Connection : Form1.ADOConnection1;     Qry.ConnectionString : ConnStr;     Qry.CursorLocation : clUseServer;     Qry.LockType : ltReadOnly;     Qry.CursorType : ctOpenForwardOnly;     Qry.SQL.Text : SQLString;     Qry.Open;  â â â while NOT Qry.Eof and NOT Terminated do  â â â begin       ListBox.Items.Insert(0, Format(%s - %d, [Qry.Fields[0].asString,Qry.Fields[1].AsInteger])) ;  â â â â â //Canvas Does NOT Allow Drawing if not called through Synchronize       Synchronize(RefreshCount) ;       Qry.Next;  â â â end;â â finally     Qry.Free;  â end;   CoUninitialize() ; end; There are 3 snares you have to realize how to fathom while making multithreaded Delphi ADO database applications: CoInitialize and CoUninitialize must be called physically before utilizing any of the dbGo objects. Neglecting to call CoInitialize will bring about the CoInitialize was not called special case. The CoInitialize strategy introduces the COM library on the present string. ADO is COM.You *cannot* utilize the TADOConnection object from the principle string (application). Each string needs to make its own database connection.You must utilize the Synchronize technique to converse with the principle string and access any controls on the primary structure.

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Keep Your Goals Ambitious but Realistic

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Keep Your Goals Ambitious but Realistic When writing about your career, strive to inspire your reader by showing that your goals are ambitious, but not so ambitious that they are implausible. You should work to find a middle ground between goals that are easily achievable and those that are naïve or entirely fantastic. For example, stating that in the short term, you want to return to your existing position at your firm would be an example of an unambitious goal and thus an unwise approach; on the other hand, declaring that in the short term, you want to become CEO of the New York Yankees would be shooting unreasonably high, and the goal would therefore be viewed as unrealistic. Generally, with respect to short-term goals, you should be able to identify a reasonably precise position that you would expect to enter after graduating from your MBA program. (If you intend to start your own firm, you should have a clear understanding of what the firm will be, the direction you will take and how you will steward the business to achieve its short-term goals.) As for the long term, pick a goal that derives from your existing career pathâ€"or could be considered a logical transition from itâ€"and that represents an ideal of sorts. Essentially, we recommend that you write about goals that would be within your grasp if everything were to go according to plan. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

Capital Punishment is Not an Effective Crime Deterrent Essay

While Capital Punishment has been one of the most feared things of our time, it is still being questioned if it is unconstitutional. The Death Penalty is being enforced in more than 100 countries in the world and are usually used in politically-related cases. Although it has been the case in many countries throughout the world it has been said that the Death Penalty is cruel and unusual punishment which is a direct violation to the Bill of Rights. Capital Punishment is a certain copy of the earliest days of slavery, when you had no rights or any different opinion, and like then, executions have no place in our civilized society. The Death Penalty, throughout its years of existence, has always†¦show more content†¦There has been substantial evidence to show that courts have been impulsive, racially biased, and unfair in the way in which they have sentenced some persons to prison but others to death. In 1944 Gunnar Myrdal reported in his book American Dilemma that the South makes the widest application of the Death Penalty, and Negro criminals come in for much more than their share of the executions Between the years of 1930 and 1940 the African Americans only made up about 12 percent of the United States population, but between those times they also made up about 51 percent of the people that were executed. Juries are more likely to impose the death penalty on blacks than on whites accused of the same offense (Administra- tion Office of the Courts). Of the 145 cases studied by the Administration Office of the Courts it was shown that whites would have received the death penalty at a higher rate since they met the criteria for capital punishment more often. Yet, the case studies revealed that this was not the situation. Is the value of a white life worth more than a person of color? When Capital Punishment is put into a case and the person has been killed there is no way to get back from that if they are later found to have been innocent. If a person is sentenced to life without parole and is later found to be innocent, that person can still be released, butShow MoreRelatedThe Abolition of Capital Punishment in Australia1014 Words   |  5 Pagesof capital punishment in Australia in 1973 imprisonment has been the only option as a sanction for murder. A survey conducted in 2009 demonstrated that a clear majority of Australians (64%) believed that imprisonment should be the punishment for murder as opposed to 23% stating the death penalty should be used and 13% did not wish to comment. The death penalty is not an effective punishment for all cases and there has not been any solid evidence stating that it is a more effective deterrent thanRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The Criminal Justice System1407 Words   |  6 PagesIn the United States, capital punishment has always been the spotlight of many debates concerning the consequences of severe crimes. Although capital punishment is deemed to be acceptable for violent crimes such as murder, there are numerous individuals who op pose the usage of capital punishment against violent offenders. Both proponents and opponents have given countless opinions concerning the deterrence effect of capital punishment. Research studies have also added fuel to the debate in regardsRead MoreCapital Punishment Debate Essay756 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment Debate The death penalty is a tough debate and an overwhelming argument in this country. We as Americans put Timothy McVeigh to death by lethal injection just three months ago. Arguments can be made for and against the death penalty, but this is not the problem. Capital Punishment is supposed to be a deterrent to crime, but is the death penalty really a deterrent? Capital Punishment is not a deterrent for crime, and the effects ofRead MoreDylan Pidich. Boston College Philosophy. . Does The Retributive1408 Words   |  6 PagesDylan Pidich Boston College Philosophy Does the retributive theory of punishment deter crime? â€Å"We demand of a deterrent not whether it is just but whether it will deter. We demand of a cure not whether it is just but whether it succeeds. Thus when we cease to consider what the criminal deserves and consider only what will cure him or deter others, we have tacitly removed him from the sphere of justice altogether; instead of a person, a subject of rights, we now have a mere object, a patientRead MoreCapital Punishment Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment Capital Punishment is regarded by most as a successful deterrent to murder, but that is because these people don’t look at it as it is applied. According to retributivists such as Kant and Van Den Haag the guilty deserves to be punished. On the other hand, people against the death penalty like Bedau think that the death penalty is just as much an effective deterrent as life in prison. The most famous retributivist Kant, states that the guilty ought to get punished becauseRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?1443 Words   |  6 Pages 6 Should the Death Penalty Be Abolished in the United States? Adalynne Francis CRJU 1000 Dr. Huss November 14, 14 Should capital punishment/ death penalty be abolished in the United States? Many feel that the death penalty is immoral and question whether the state and federal government deserve the right to kill those whom it has imprisoned. On the other hand, those opposed feel that by not acting upon the death penalty communities would plunge in anarchy and that byRead MoreThe Death Penalty is An Effective Weapon Against Crime Essay1309 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Americans have debated over the issue of capital punishment.  Ã‚   Many people believe that it no longer serves out its intended purpose of deterring crime.   Others believe that the death penalty is an inhumane act of violence and that it should be banished from the justice system all together.   The thought of playing God also is another aspect of the situation.   Despite these allegations however, the facts still remain.   The death penalty deters crime, stops repeat offenders, and gives AmericansRead MoreIs the Death Pena lty an Effective Deterrent?1677 Words   |  7 PagesIs the Death Penalty an Effective Deterrent? Annotated Bibliography PS 223 Forensic Psychology I Research Question: Is the Death Penalty an Effective Deterrent? Honeyman, J. C., Ogloff, J. P. (1996). Capital punishment: Arguments for life and death. Canadian Journal Of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 28(1), 27-35. The main purpose of this article was to investigate the effects of the death penalty and theRead MoreThe Ethics of Capital Punishment Essay examples1501 Words   |  7 Pagesthe United States only 38 states have capital punishment statutes. As of year ended in 1999, in Texas, the state had executed 496 prisoners since 1930. The laws in the United States have change drastically in regards to capital punishment. An example of this would be the years from 1968 to 1977 due to the nearly 10 year moratorium. During those years, the Supreme Court ruled that capital punishment violated the Eight Amendment’s ban on cruel and unusual punishment. However, this ended in 1976, whenRead MoreEssay about Capital Punishment Speech562 Words   |  3 PagesCapital Punishment Speech Capital punishment is a barbarous survival from a less enlightened and refined age; it is incongruous and incompatible with our present standard of civilization and humanity. It has been abolished by many states and countries, and we must look forward to the day when the other governments will follow suit. The arguments against capital punishment are many and credible, but the pleas advanced in its favor are few and unfounded. Punishment

A Complicated War On Drugs - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 923 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: War On Drugs Essay Did you like this example? War on Drugs Drugs are being distributed illegally for a myriad of purposes. While in some cases drugs can have a positive impact, they can be equally if not more damaging to our society. Illicit drugs impact society financially and bring detrimental outcomes through usage. The never-ending war on drugs has cost one trillion dollars through means of acts banning the drugs creation and importation to be sold. While many law enforcement strategies have been put in place to end the war on drugs, it seemingly has no end. Therefore, officials search for a solution in the fight against drugs. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Complicated War On Drugs" essay for you Create order A popular solution in fighting the war on drugs is legalizing marijuana as an alternative to other drugs. The legalization of marijuana saves more money for treatment and brings down the decline of money used to keep inmates incarcerated. Money not used for inmates which accounts for billions, can be used for stronger enforcement of illicit drugs that are being smuggled into the U.S and treatment centers for those who suffer from addiction. Conflict and symbolic interactionists both view the issue of drugs relating to ethnic minority groups and how drug related offenses have been played unfairly. Before Richard Nixon signed the Controlled Substances Act, cocaine was used primarily by white men and women, and was originally used in the popular soda beverage Coca Cola (Estes, 2013). Until black men became more associated with this drug, laws were placed on it banning it in 1901, with the Harrison Narcotics Act, therefore prohibiting the production and distribution of cocaine. During Richard Nixons time in office, he declared that drugs were public enemy number one. (Barber, 2016)   As part of his initiative, Nixon proposed stricter sentences for drug related crimes. In 1973, Nixon brought the Drug Enforcement Administration which focused primarily on the use of drugs and smuggling contraband into the U.S. Ronald Reagan reintroduced the War on Drugs that was originally pushed forth by Richard Nixon. When he was sworn into office, the fight was historically brought to light in 1971. His wife, Nancy Reagan, had introduced her campaign Just Say No for youth to turn down the offer of illicit drugs. With this upbringing in the Reagans movement against drugs, programs such as D.A.R.E were implemented in the schools for youth to take pledges and be paired with police officers for more influence and first-hand experience. Children often witness addiction in their families, and while children learn by behavior the result can be detrimental. When parents develop an addiction to drugs, the children suffer the most by taking on the role as parent, subsequently affecting their behaviors, decisions, financial needs, and education. Families with drug addicted parent(s) have a higher likely of living in poverty, becoming homeless, and thus bringing higher cases of abandonment in children (Treehouse, 2018) Children who witness these behaviors see drugs as mundane or acceptable continuing a futuristic cycle. Secondly, drug related violence and usage swamp our prison systems costing an estimated 12.6 billion dollars yearly at the expense of taxpayers (Desjardins, J. 2018). Guns play a deadly force in the protection for production and distribution in the drug market. Cocaine and heroin are illegal street drugs, while being highly addictive, they target lower minorities and maintain a flow of sale through an inten se crave by former users. The use of these drugs reaches an exponential 88 billion dollars (Desjardins, J. 2018). While cocaine and heroin bring in billions of dollars, imagine the sum of every illicit drug. The strain drug abuse has on our health system includes mental illness, and brain-related diseases. Costs involving drug-related incidents accounts for billions annually through government assistance, hospitals, and paying taxpayers for Medicaid. While many approaches to the war on drugs have showed little impact and caused a great loss of money, the solution to legalize types of drugs has brought a new approach. The legalization of marijuana means less arrests, spending, focus, and an alternative to other dangerous drugs. According to ACLUs original analysis, marijuana arrests now account for over half of all drug arrests in the United States. (ACLU, 2010). The legalization of this drug brings an experimental yet unorthodox solution to have focus put placed on marijuana rather than harmful drugs such as cocaine and heroin. Taking away the time and money used to punish and place users in prisons, government can use the money saved for prevention and shutting down the production of drugs, while providing treatment to former users Funding treatment against the cost of incarcerating inmates, it is less expensive than occupying prisons, and raising a higher chance of further use to stay away from the criminal justice system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Conflict theorists argue that racism has been played into the use of drug use when minorities and people of color were linked to use. While many types of drugs may be dangerous, conflict theorists argue that intentional decisions have been made over which drugs are illegal and which ones are not. (Guerro, L. 2010) In the early 1900s, drugs such as cocaine, marijuana, and heroin were not seen as illegal. Crack cocaine, much cheaper than powdered cocaine, thus becomes the drug of choice to those with limited financial resources. Due to its popularity by ethnic minorities using this form of the drug, it was banned by the government. For drug-related incarcerations, harsher sentencing has grown for people in the criminal justice system. Both symbolic interactionists and conflict theorists believe that drug laws are not equal among minority groups because certain groups were and still are singled out.

The Global Economy Essay - 808 Words

The Global Economy The global economy and global environment are bound up with one another. Environmental change is a consequence of economic development. Environmental change and its consequent health impacts are driven by economic growth, population growth and urbanization. It has been shown that it is possible to manage economic growth in ways that preserve environmental quality and enhance human health. Achieving the benefits of economic development while minimizing its harmful impacts will require an increased awareness of links between environment and health to improve public health. Achieving these benefits will depend on a greater emphasis on prevention such as managing the environment so that health risks do not occur.†¦show more content†¦Statistically, malnutrition contributes up to one half of deaths among children in developing countries. Thus, rising income results in more and better food, housing and clothing. The wealthier also tend to be better educated and more informe d about the disease process and thus are able to maintain healthy. Poverty also influences health because it largely determines an individuals risk as well as access to resources to deal with those risks. Globally, the greatest environmental health threats tend to be those closest to home. More than 1 billion people in developing countries live without adequate shelter, more than 1.4 billion lack access to safe water, and more than 2.9 billion have no access to adequate sanitation. Inside smoky dwellings of developing countries, air pollution is often higher than it is outdoors in the worlds most congested cities. In these settlements, garbage collection is often nonexistent and drainage tends to be poor, creating ideal conditions for insects and other diseases. In some countries, the poor often face health risks related to economic growth. Studies suggest have shown that hazardous waste sites or polluting industries are indeed concentrated in low-income or minority areas. F or example, urban slums may be located near major roads, factories or dumpsites, exposing residents to higher levels of air pollution. According to WHO, worm infections are on the rise in urbanShow MoreRelatedThe Global Economy1112 Words   |  5 PagesWithout the internet, it may be fair to say that the global economy we know of today would conceivably collapse. Where the internet makes it easy to order products and supplies for consumers and retailers all over the world that convenience would obviously be lost if the internet would cease to exist and import and export markets throughout the globe would surely crumble. Some may see this view as a dramatic interpretation, but just thinking about all of the products and services that are managedRead MoreEconomic Economy : The Global Economy1024 Words   |  5 PagesFormative: The Global Economy Topic: Show how the imposition of a tariff by a small country will have a consumption effect, a production effect, a government revenue effect, and a trade effect on the economy of that country. â€Å"If the country is a ‘small country’ in international markets, then the policy-setting country has a very small share in the world market for the product—so small that domestic policies are unable to affect the world price of the good†. (Suranovic, 2010, pg. 296). Hence theRead MoreThe Threat Of Global Economy1078 Words   |  5 PagesOur global economy is consuming renewable resources rapidly than we can restore and demand has overreached the support of natural systems. Our twenty-first century civilization is encountering an outgrowing capacity, which is moving us onto an economic path that is not environmentally sustainable. Today, we face many environmental problems that put us at risk in achieving long-term sustainability, but we all have the decision to take action and move onto a path that sustains economic progress orRead MoreIntroduction Of The Global Economy1147 Words   |  5 PagesStephanie White Professor Greer Introduction to the Global Economy 8 November 2015 Venezuela Venezuela, also known as the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is located on the northern coast of South America and is bordered by Brazil, Colombia and Guyana. The main language spoken is Spanish, but there are numerous other languages spoken around the cities. In Venezuela, there is no dominant ethnicity. Nationalities can range from Spanish and German to African and Arabic. The major religion is RomanRead MoreCompany : The Global Economy1299 Words   |  6 PagesCOMPANY’S POSITION IN THE EVOLVED GLOBAL ECONOMY Since the company’s commencement in 1969, the multinational cooperation has always aimed to be a market leader. To achieve this, they have not stuck to one particular field to enhance their business, but into virtually all sectors of business so as to maximise on market opportunities and bring out top class results. With the widespread phenomenon of globalization, the company has been at par with all other leading Australian as well as internationalRead MoreThe Environment And The Global Economy1457 Words   |  6 Pages Our modern world is largely dependant on two, well entangled things: the environment and the global economy. Without the environment, mankind would fall apart. Our atmosphere would quickly cease to support human life. The ozone layer would deplete, flooding the earth with greater amounts of radiation. Biodiversity would damage water sources and destabilize the climate. Additionally, the global economy facilitates the trade of goods and materials which satisfy the demands of over seven billion peopleRead MoreThe United States Economy As The Global Economy935 Words   |  4 Pagesthe past year. The price for United States crude oil is now just 48 dollars a barrel, the lowest it has been since 2009 (BBC News). So what is the cause for this sudden change and to what effect will this have on the United States’ economy as well as the global economy? There are three core contributors that account for this sudden dip in oil prices. These contributors are a low demand for oil in many countries, specifically Europe, that is caused by a lack of economic growth, the increase in TheRead MoreQuestions On The Global Economy Essay700 Words   |  3 Pages Running H ead: Exchange Rates - MNCs 1 Excha nge Rate Stability and Multinational Companies Patten University Professor Wade MBA 630 The Global Economy - RJO Unit 6 Essay Assignment Running Head: Exchange Rates - MNCs 2 When we take a neophyte view of m ultinational companies, it is often tainted by media stories of behemoth organizations than plunder the world in search of selfish destructive profit motives that produce investment returns for greedy board members, managers and investors. RarelyRead MoreGlobalization And The Global Economy1720 Words   |  7 PagesFor many of the world’s population, the growing integration of the global economy has provided the opportunity for substantial income growth. This is reflected not only in higher incomes, but also in the improved availability of better quality and increasingly differentiated final products. However, at the same time, globalization has had its dark side. There has been an increasing tendency towards growing equalization within and between countries and a stubborn incidence in the absolute levels ofRead MoreGlobalization : A Global Economy Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization is the process in which we as humanity are coming together to form a global economy around all sorts of different infrastructures. â€Å"The globalization process implies the incorporation of national economies, cultures, political systems and various identities of capitalist system which require the removal of all hurdl es to cross-national interaction and exchange often created earlier by protectionist states† (Aamir, 1). Globalization is the greatest thing to happen to us as humans, we

Commercial & Corporation Law Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1.Is there a Contract Between Li Wu and John, Vanessa and John? When was this Contract made? 2.Do you think that John is liable for Damages for breach of any Contractual Terms?3.Do you think that John is liable for Damages for breach of any Statutory Guarantees under Part 3-2-1 of the Australian Consumer Law? Answers: Introduction Australian Consumer Law is the legislation to protect consumers in the place of business and trade. This act prevents customers from fraud or illegal business or trade. Consumer laws also provide the statutory rules for dealing with any damages or loss to the customer and help to claim compensation for damages. According the case study, the following assignment is briefly described according the Australian Consumer Law. The contract between both parties and the provisions of breach of contracts also discuss on the assignment with a famous case law.. In addition, the statutory guarantee of trade services and their provision also described through a famous law. Discussion 1.According the case study, two contracts have made between Li Wu and John and Vanessa and John. John gave an open advertisement of his business and both of the students have applied for booking. Here, they accepting the offer of that open business proposal of add which make a valid contract. There must have some essential ingredients for a valid contract[1]. Those are: Proposal acceptance: There must be two or more than two parties needed for a valid contract. One party proposes an offer and other party must accept that. The offer must be valid, create an intention to form a legal relation and described in a proper manner. Mutual consent of the parties or Consensus-ad-idem: mutual understanding of both parties should make an agreement. That means the both parties will have same understanding and same issues for that particular agreement. Intension to form a legal relationship: A valid contract always establishes legal relation. That means if one party fails to maintain the contract then he will face legal formalities. If the parties have no intention to form a legal relation then the contract will be void [2]. Lawful consideration: A contract without consideration is void. The consideration must be lawful too. Consideration means something is return, i.e. for a valid contract the parties must get back something in return according to the promise. Lawful objects: The objects of a valid contract should be lawful. The contract must not damage any other property, not unauthorized by law, not fraudulent, not illegal, not immoral or against of the public policy. Free consent: The parties will give their free consent. Consent is free when it is not formed under coercion, under influence, fraud, misrepresentation or mistakenly. Not declared to be illegal or void: A contract will be declared void by any law in the country, which is not enforceable by law. Meaning of the agreement must be cleared: The meaning of an agreement must clear its intention with all the terms and condition of that contract. Possibility of certain performance: Contract should be able to perform. It will be enforceable to the law if it performs illegally. Legal formalities: A contract may be made by word, written or spoken. But according to the contract if it is directed to be made by written, proper registration or attestation is necessary to form a valid contract[3]. 2.Breach of contract is a part of contract, which violated contract rule. Breach of any term that follows important consequences and affect the innocent part. The essential terms, this mentioned about the obligation of both parties. When one party fails to perform according the terms and condition of the contract. When damage occurs for breaching any contract. The party who affect by damages can terminate contract for any consequences of breaches. The consequences of the breach will determine whether termination of the contract is allowed or the party can sue for damages. Tramways Advertising Pty Ltd v Luna Park (NSW) Ltd is a case of breach of contract[4]. Luna Park had a contract with Tramway Advertisement to display an advertisement 8 hours per day for 3 seasons. However, in second season TA terminate the contract and LP sued them for breaching the contract and claimed for damages. The defendant was sure to determine the contract because of past breaches, and because LP led the TA to believe that, in future the contract would not be performed according to its terms and condition. So following the fact plaintiff had a right to claim damages from defendant[5]. As per the case study, John is the owner of his business and it is his liability to know all the information about the place where they hiking. The heavy rainfall is unsafe for hiking and John neglected warning issues, which cause injure to Vanessa. He failed to register and obtain a license and used poor quality equipments. However, he also signed a certificate of Adrenaline Junkie by both of the customers. Here, John breach the contract for negligent his duties and liable for cause of injuries and damages. Now, Vanessa had suffered the damages and can claim compensation against according the common law remedies. The compensation is the financial or monetary cost but other costs like time or production can also be included[6]. 3.In a contract, the non-breaching party can claim remedies for the damages or injuries for suffering the loss. The different types of remedies are: Damages are the basic remedy in common law. Sometimes mental stress is comes under these damage consequences. Liquidated claims are provided the financial or monetary cost as the compensation of breach of contract. Specific performance is an order of court for breaching the contract. Australian Consumer Law applies to all the service providers[7]; those provide any kind of services related to trade in accordance with statutory guarantees. A consumer is injured due to the negligence of service provider then that person can sue him for breach of contract. Service should provide through trade or commerce. Sec-60 of the ACL establish that when service provider give services to consumer according in trade or commerce then it will guarantee the service is supplied with due care and skill. It that breach then the consumer have right to take action against the provider. Sec 267 of ACL establish the law for the plaintiff or the customer can claim damages with the guarantee for failure to give service or injuries[8]. According the case study John is liable for damages for breach of statutory guarantees. He failed to give services for his negligence toward his service, using poor safe equipments and cause damage and injuries to Vanessa. Borch v Answer Products Inc [2000] QSC 379 is famous case of Australia of CL[9]; Borch is sued for facial injuries from a mountain bicycle accident. The plaintiff complaint about the manufacturing of bicycle products that caused injury and mental shock to them. They claim the monitory compensation from them. At the time of cycling, the bicycles were collapsed and four people faced an accident. In the, matter it is the case of negligence in a tortuous act or omission. Reference "Product Safety". Australian Competition And Consumer Commission, 2017, https://www.accc.gov.au/business/treating-customers-fairly/product-safety. "Consumers And The ACL Australian Consumer Law". Consumerlaw.Gov.Au, 2017, https://consumerlaw.gov.au/consumers-and-the-acl/. Corones, Stephen G.Competition law in Australia. Thomson Reuters Australia, Limited, 2014. McKendrick, Ewan.Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK), 2014. Cartwright, John.Contract law: An introduction to the English law of contract for the civil lawyer. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016. Poole, Jill.Textbook on contract law. Oxford University Press, 2016. Allsop, James. "Values in law: How they influence and shape rules and the application of law!."Brief44.2 (2017): 49. Butt, Peter.Modern legal drafting: A guide to using clearer language. Cambridge University Press, 2013. Bailey, Julian.Construction Law. Crc Press, 2014. ("Consumers And The ACL Australian Consumer Law") Poole, Jill.Textbook on contract law. Oxford University Press, 2016. Poole, Jill.Textbook on contract law. Oxford University Press, 2016. ("Product Safety") Allsop, James. "Values in law: How they influence and shape rules and the application of law!."Brief44.2 (2017): 49. ("Product Safety") ("Consumers And The ACL Australian Consumer Law") Cartwright, John.Contract law: An introduction to the English law of contract for the civil lawyer. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016. McKendrick, Ewan.Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK), 2014.

Rap and Moral character free essay sample

Susan Dwyer, the subject of concern is the consequences of listening to rap music and the effect it has on moral character. The author argues that rap music contribute to the corruption of moral character, It Is misogynistic, promotes violence and street crime. In this paper I will examine the authors claims, use of key concepts, and her reasoning. By doing so, I will be able to demonstrate that Dryers thesis is unjust and unsupported.In what follows, I will analyze the claims to show that the authors arguments are irrelevant and lack efficient evidence to support her thesis. Secondly, I will examine the authors reasoning to point out fallacious reasoning and lastly I will evaluate her use of key There are about 7 claims In the article. However, many of them were concepts. Only used to demonstrate and explain issues regarding rap and moral behavior. The author begins the argument by claiming rap music is both a sign of and contributes to a form of corruption of moral character. We will write a custom essay sample on Rap and Moral character or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This particular claim is empirical because the author did not offer her reader any type of verification or facts to prove her point. Dwyer failed to demonstrate how peoples moral character Is corrupted by listening to rap music. Many people enjoy listening to different types of music for different reasons. Rap music does not determine the persons character or behaviors. Rap music does not contribute too form of corruption of moral character. Rap music has come a long way and has been shaped by different skills of various rappers who reflect a blend of elements into fascinating wordplay.It has become very popular among young people; they listen to it as a form of entertainment and rap songs have eloped many people through tough times the same way Johnny Cash and country music helps people. Music Is music everyone has their own preference. Rap music can help people build a positive character; for instance, a rap song called ;till we meet again by Shawn Carter, a famous America rapper who lost his younger brother to gun violence. In his song lyric, he talked about how the death of his younger brother affected him emotionally and physically for many years.He turned to writing Rap as a healthy way to cope and escape from reality. Rap artists write vivid lyrics bout real life scenarios, situations and feelings that many can relate to and learn from. Rap songs can be Inspiring and can have a positive Impact on Individuals. On the contrary, the author might argue that rap music has a negative impact on peoples attitude and behaviors. Rap lyrics and videos are full of images of ;hoes and pimps, guns and violence. These degrading rap lyrics and videos are seen everywhere and in many peoples eyes this has become normal and entertaining.People that listen to and watch such material on a regular basis usually choose to live their lives In the fast lane. By seeing their favorite Icons possessing fancy cars, clothes, jewelry and lots of money, many of them join street gangs as a means to obtain these things. They start to rob, steal, vandalize, kill and destroy others. Quite frankly when people choose to live their life this way, they either end up behind bars or killed. On the whole rap music does not influence good behavior in people, it corrupts them and changes who they are as a person.Rap music does not Influence bad actions, but reflects on struggles In life and problems with the society as child poverty, violence against women and HIVE disease. As far as it goes, issues as such have affected many women and children around the world. He raises awareness through his music and by speaking in public. Kane is an advocate for women and children that are affected by this matter. He has raised thousands of dollars to support this cause. Rap music can send out positive messages about equality and change.The author has committed a few fallacious arguments in the article. One of the fallacies that stood out to me was the fallacy of presumption. It was stated as; people that choose to listen to and watch such material on a regular Asia are saying something about their own moral character, about what they value, about who they are. Seeking out such material is like seeking out and choosing to watch portrayals of atrocities, such as rapes and violence. This argument is invalid and unsound. The author is in the wrong for making such statement.Rap music is just like country and rock music. People enjoy listening to different types of music for various reasons, one of which can be for entertainment purposes. Listening to and watching rap music does not determine a persons moral character and who they are In contrast the author can take the position to defend that the s a person. Argument raised is valid and sound. People who enjoy listening to and watching such degrading videos, crass material, and violence are saying something about their character and what they value as a person.The authors use of key concepts in the article can be very offensive to the artist that produce the music and to the fans that listen to it. Many of the key concepts were about the harms of rap music on ones moral character. Several people, especially youth can relate to rap music and the lyrics. Many rap artists rap about their life stories in the lyrics. They write about their mint of view on life through their own lens and the way they see things. Many rap artists grow up in extreme poverty and harsh circumstances that would be difficult for some to understand.Their songs reflect the environment that they know and the things they see. For instance, Outpace Shaker was a famous rapper in the nineties; he grew up in poverty, his mother was addicted to crack cocaine and he did not have a father fugue in his life. By the time he was a teenager he was in and out of detentions centers; he was involved in selling drugs as a way to support himself and his family. His music lyrics inspired many young people around the globe. He wrote about people being killed in the ghetto and how rap music saved his life.Young males that grow up in poverty, without a father end up turning to rap as a positive outlet (escape) and look up to the artist as role model. Rap music changed the life of Outpace Shaker and inspired many young people around the globe. The author might argue that the key concepts used in the article are relevant and speak volume about what rap music can do to a person who believe and enjoy such material. For instance, teenagers have been turning to rap music to solve their problems; however t can be very destructive in the building of their moral character. They look up to the rappers that rap about violence, drugs and killing of cops as role model. Teenagers are easily influence by what they see and hear, however, music producers usually market these types of music to them. Rap music can also have a negative impact on language and speech. In many rap songs, the ;N word is used several times. Slang and ungrammatical sentences are also used. For example, ;imam be, we go party it ungrammatical sentences, the more they will use it in their daily speech. Rap music goes not change a persons moral character or behavior and lead to corruption. If that were the case, everyone that has been exposed to media, whether it is through television shows, magazines, movies or music would have a poor moral character. The author of this article does raise interesting arguments to be heard but that is all it is. The author makes some very bold statements without backing them up and providing the reader with facts or strong examples. Bad behavior, corruption of moral character, violence and crime have been around long before rap music and will be around long after rap music.

Family values Essay Example

Family values Essay Example Family values Essay Family values Essay curiosity about others) appears to be a key distinguishing gratification between reality and fictional programming, it is not always a predictor of reality television enjoyment. † In his popular commentary in The Guardian in 2001, Salman Rushdie shares similar view on voyeurism in television. as Nabi. Big Brother house is like a human size aquarium. It permits a consented invasion of privacy of the contestants; thus, insatiable sex perverts can freely view them bare 24 hours a day. Finally, programs like Survivor and Big Brother, are just trivializing sacred human feelings for network rating’s sake and an equivalent affluence and popularity for the winner who has capitalized on either pretending or immorally real. They definitely can’t give us decent family values. It all ends to business as usual.

Multi-Self Model and the Dual-Self Model Approaches to Self-Control Essay

Multi-Self Model and the Dual-Self Model Approaches to Self-Control Problems - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that the multi-self model is a complex topic in behavioral economics. Authors like Ambrus and Rozen have described it as a broader conception in the form of an array of self-control concepts or theories. As such, the concept of aggregator appears at the center of this approach. The aggregator can be understood as a behavioral and psychometric mechanism that organizes the available choices before the individual. The aggregator factors cumulate a suitable prioritized list of choices, and the individual’s sense of rational behavior ultimately leads him or her to select the most appropriate one for oneself. However, in the deep trenches of mind and thought processes, this one self is actually consisting of many selves. Hence, according to Ambrus and Rozen, one of the most important characteristics of a given set of aggregators is that the aggregation can be dependent on the consumer’s economic utilities and obje ctives. Therefore, if an individual is considered as a coherence of more than one economic self, then preferences of oneself may differ from that of another. Consequently, several contemporary models of â€Å"multi-self decision-making† utilize pieces of cardinal information that are embedded in the utility functions of an individual’s diverse economic selves. Aggregators being considered as the fundamentals of utility functions can also be defined as the intensity of preferences, which are capable of molding the dynamics of intra-personal economic decisions. However, this paradigm can be extended to inter-personal economic decisions too.

Play represents Asia Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Play represents Asia - Assignment Example This paper will argue that the play Bicycle by O Tae-sok provides the audience with a unique image of Korea that consists of a number of unusual as well as traditional elements. To begin with, one should define the concept of representation of Asia. It would not be a mistake to point out that this region is extremely vast an diverse; so, a detailed explanation is needed. This particular play represents Korea: a country which has retained some of its traditional ways of life, but has been following a socially accepted paradigm of development for a long time. Indeed, the piece of art in question might be viewed as a metaphor reflection into the past (Lee 211). In addition to that, the historical accuracy is what really makes this play moving (O 4). Thus, one is able to conclude that representation of a particular part of Asia is based on two elements: depiction of traditional elements of culture as well as representation of aspects of social order. The uniqueness of topic that will be discussed is apparent from the very first lines of the play: it puts great emphasis on the notion of duty in the Korean society. There are several examples that might prove it. Thus, the main character has a relative who have survived a horrible fire and considers himself to be guilty of his luck. However, unlike Europeans who would celebrate this, every year he cuts his face, reminding himself that his compatriots died at the hands of the enemy, but he survived. A similar focus on the social duty is seen later in the text when the main character confesses turning in his friend to police because he practiced medicine without license and had almost no knowledge about the topic. The dichotomy between friendship and duty is easily resolved in the Asian society in favor of the latter. Another point which shows a peculiar world of Asia focuses on the important place that is occupied by the bureaucrats in the society. To begin with, one should note

Emerging Technologies: Business And Society

Emerging Technologies: Business And Society Over the last decade, emerging technologies have no doubt influenced almost every sector of society and business. Whether by their promise of better society and business or by the curse of disquiet etched in their wings; Robotics and Nanotechnology, among a few other emerging technologies, have certainly played a part in shaping todays business and society for tomorrow. The emergence of Nanotechnology and Robotics was, to some extent, instigated and inspired by certain fundamental needs and pursuits of society and business. The business desire for cost-efficiency and societys pursuit of sustainability in the form of better health care, a cleaner environment, security, etc are just a glimpse of what may have triggered the emergence of these among other technologies. However, the technologies success, or lack of it, is to a large extent dependent on, the overall short and long term, how well they respond to the primary needs and pursuits of businesses and society. This report focuses on Nanotechnology and Robotics discussing some of their varied range of practical, theoretical and experimental applications. The report, in essence, draws from the diverse applications of these two technologies, their implications and impacts on businesses and society hitherto and perhaps in the near future. The analysis, also acknowledges and draws from lessons learnt in preceding and contemporary technologies such as genetic engineering and nuclear energy. The analysis shows that the success of the technologies depends on their close evolutionary interaction with their resident businesses and society which are also changing in response albeit at a different pace. Introduction The influence of emerging technologies on almost every sector of business and society cannot be overstated over the last decade. Whether by their promise of better society and business or by the curse of disquiet etched in their wings; Robotics and Nanotechnology, among other emerging technologies in the frontline, have certainly played a part in shaping todays business and society for tomorrow. The emergence of Nanotechnology and Robotics may, to some extent, have been instigated and inspired by certain fundamental needs and pursuits of society and business. The desire for greater efficiency cost or otherwise in business, better health care, a cleaner environment, security and etc for sustainable society are just a glimpse of pursuits that may have triggered the emergence of these two among other technologies. However, just as their preceding or contemporary counterparts such as genetic engineering, their success, or lack of it, is to a large extent dependent on the overall short and long term impact they portend for business and society. Robotics and Nanotechnology are two among the foremost of countless emerging technologies ushered into the new century whose impact on society and business is yet to be fully realised or determined. Determining the impacts of these two is no simple task. The range of applications for these two technologies, whether already practical or still theoretical, is quite enormous and diverse making it even more difficult for one to establish the full extent of their impact. There is however no doubt that these two have had their share of both positive and negative impacts on business and society and will continue to during their evolution. Whatever the impacts, their measure may be drawn from how businesses and society have responded so far. Many studies done on these technologies indicate enormous initial investments by businesses and more recently, measured but nonetheless important investments by society. Nano-scale technology or Nanotechnology has been defined generally as the creation of functional materials, devices, and systems through control of matter on the nanometer (1 to 100+ nm) length scale and the exploitation of novel properties and phenomena developed at that scale. [1] Nanotechnology, just as many other technologies before, has especially pledged enormous benefits for businesses and society. Many studies indicate enormous initial investments by businesses and more recently, measured but nonetheless important investments by society anticipating mostly the benefits it promises. Nonetheless the studies also show that it bears its own brand of curses or threats alike especially for society. Some of the threats may well be known, anticipated and resolved in good time. Others may only be revealed later on in its evolution. Either way, it is imperative that its benefits and identifiable threats be reasonably considered and embedded in their evolution if these two, among others related, are going to succeed. On the other hand, a robot is generally defined as a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks (Robot Institute of America, 1979)[15]. Robotics is thus concerned mainly with the study, design, building and operation of robot systems for certain specialised tasks [14]. Business and societys desire for greater efficiency cost and better health care, a cleaner environment, security etc respectively also continue to inspire heavy investments in more cost-efficient technologies. Achieving these either by automation, miniaturisation or by the use of better building blocks or materials for technology and products are among the main approaches that converge research and development of Robotics and Nano-scale technology or Nanotechnology among other related technologies. Apart from the brief introduction above, this report is organized into two main sections. The first section covers a brief description on the fundamentals of Nanotechnology. This section is followed by discussions on some of the principle practical, theoretical and experimental applications tracing and focusing on their impact on business and society. The second section deals with robotics and likewise describing the fundamentals of robot systems. This section too is followed by an examination of the major applications of robotics with a focus on their impact on society and business. Nanotechnology As mentioned in the introduction, Nanotechnology generally involves engineering at the nano-scale level (1 to100nm) leveraging novel properties and phenomena of matter at this scale. The concept of engineering at this scale may well be attributed to Feyman (1959) [2]. Modern understanding of Nanotechnology as defined above was built on the initial concept by other eminent scholars like Drexler (1992) [3]. Merkle (1997) [4] also went on to propose additional concepts like building materials by specifically positioning each atom and cost effective mass-assembly of the atoms At the close of the last century in 2000, presented with the anticipated advances and subsequent benefits of Nanotechnology by proponents such as Drexler (1992)[3], Merkle (1997)[4] among others, galvanized leaders in technological research and development, cutting edge innovation and business to converge and discuss extensively the implications of engineering at this scale. At a workshop organized by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), leading experts gathered and to present their views on Nanotechnology and its implications focusing its potential applications in business and society. A resulting report on the proceedings of the workshop presents rather varied views and perpectives, perhaps due to the diverse applications of the technology or backgrounds of the participants. However, the urgent need for a foundational and comprehensive analysis of the technology and its implications seems to be the leading theme. This was a defining moment in the evolution of Nanote chnology. Below is a summary of nanotechnologys focus and principle applications as reported in the NSF (2001) [5] workshop and are being refined with time as shown in the National Nanotechnology Initiative Strategic Plan (2007) [6]: Industrial Manufacturing Materials and products, Chemical Processing Electronics application in Information Technologies and Communications Medicine and Health applications in Medicine and Pharmaceuticals. Aerospace For aerospace and planetary exploratory applications. Transportation and civil infrastructure Lighter Materials Sustainability in Energy, Water, Agriculture Food, Materials, Clean environment Defence and Security applications. Even though the current and potential applications of nanotechnology reach deeper than revealed by the above summary, there is no doubt that the above applications have impacted both businesses and society over the last decade in one way or another. Some researchers have even suggested at the emergence of Nanotechnology signalling the entry into the Age of Transitions [6] [7] there would be profound waves of change whether in society or business. Impact of Nanotechnology on business Every category of application highlighted above is representative of a range of industries and businesses that have already responded to, or must soon do so, to the diverse and vast influences, potential or practical, wielded by Nanotechnology. Some of these influences are certainly not unique to nanotechnology and may have been wielded by contemporary and preceding technologies. Others, however, such as the rapid parallel advances in research and development hardly witnessed by preceding technologies have compelled many a business in any of the application categories to reconfigure itself and its approach. These cycles of reconfiguration will even be more rapid when Nanotechnology converges with other emerging technologies that portend similar characteristics. Good examples are traffic on the internet; wireless capacity and computing performance which are said to double every 6, 9 and 18 months respectively [7]. Industrial Manufacturing: Nanoscale engineering of materials and products forms the bulk of current and perhaps even future applications of nanotechnology in industrial manufacturing. This has witnessed the introduction of new materials and products and thus new markets for businesses over the last 10 years. The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) forecasted the 2010 2015 Nanotechnology market at over 1 trillion US dollars as shown in the chart below. Chart 1: Estimates of the nanotechnology market by 2010-2015 USD trillions: 1.1 Source: National Science Foundation Subsequent research (RNCOS research) [8] has upwardly revised estimates within half the period settling at 1.6 trillion USD by the year 2013. The market estimates probably continue to inspire a steady increase in investment. Cientifica estimated the global government funding stood at a little less than 9.75 billion USD for nanotechnology. The US government alone invested 1.6 billion USD a steady increase from about 500 billion in 2001. [8] Apart from specialized materials such as nano-composite polymers and other nanoscale structured materials and chemicals; the inventory list of consumer products with a nanotech component currently stands at over 800 and will obviously continue to grow [9]. With this kind of diversity in terms of products and an expanding market, businesses, especially those in manufacturing, will do well to quickly adapt continue their success. Electronics: The potential application of nanotechnology in electronics is set to take the miniaturisation of computers to the next level. It is also set to improve the cost-efficiency and performance of electronic products even introducing product variation that have been hitherto unrealistic. [10] Figure 1: Manufacturing cost projection for logic at silicon-area and transistor levels as illustrated by Doering (2000) [5] As shown in Figure 1, the cost of achieving electronic function is on the decline thus inspiring the continued introduction of new electronic products and business and a consequent the market for the products. This will no doubt also augment advances in related areas such as telecommunications further opening up opportunities for business as illustrated in Doerings (2000) [5] projections in Figure 2 below. Figure 2: Illustrates projected growth of electronic market place with decreasing feature sizes and function cost. Doering (2000) [5] Medicine and Health: Nanotechnology has been applied in medicine, healthcare and pharmaceuticals to introduce better drug delivery and diagnosis mechanisms (targeted) [10] [11]. The resulting advances achieved hitherto continue to attract, not just government funding, but private businesses and organizations are also joining the fray investing themselves in nanotech medicine and healthcare. Of course theres the prospect, albeit some of it being still experimental, of resolving age old problems like cancer. Figure 3: An illustration of Nanotech funding Adapted from ETC Nanotech Report (2006) [11] There is also the prospect of making viable, products that have previously not been viable for business. The overall positive impact of nanotechnology on business related to medicine and health care is that it introduces a new range of products subsequently expanding the existing markets or even reconfiguring them all together [5], [10]. Some studies estimated the world markets expansion for these products from 1 billion USD in 2005 to be tenfold at 10billion USD by 2010 [11]. On the flipside, an expanding product base also means the introduction of products that carry along with them originally unintended effects or even products that are downright harmful to the business side of medicine and healthcare [10] [11]. Aerospace: Businesses and organizations in aerospace research and development have also invested themselves quite heavily with the intention of reaping some of the benefits of Nanotech application over the last decade or so. The introduction or potential introduction of lighter, stronger nanostructured materials or building blocks for aerospace equipment can only portend a positive outlook for this business since this ultimately implies an eventual reduction in costs e.g. in fuelling as well as wholesome aerospace projects [10]. Transportation and civil infrastructure: Lighter high-strength materials developed through nanotechnology implies a reduction of costs; whether in fuelling or maintenance in transportation and infrastructural developments. Impact of Nanotechnology on society The almost definitive nature of business, at least in objective makes much simpler the exercise of nanotechnologies impacts on business. This however, is not the case when it comes to determining societal implications and impacts brought about by technologies; nano or otherwise. Many attempted studies at this exercise acknowledge this difficulty [5] [10]. The period of time required for one to actually determine a certain technologys impact on society as well as the often unpredictable nature of society have been cited in the studies among major challenges to the accuracy of determining societal implication of technology; nanotechnology in this case. The impact of nanotechnology and its related advances on society hinges on certain major areas of life that are important to the makeup of that society. Below are some of the major areas cited by some studies like the NSF (2001) [5] report on Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and the Royal Society Royal Academy of Engineering (2004) [10] report on Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities and uncertainties: Health care: Among the benefits pledged by nanotechnology, certain applications are meant to improve the quality of health care. Society at an individual level desires health and long life. New products and technologies such as targeted drug delivery mechanisms and diagnostics introduced by nanoscale engineering for health care promise a healthy and quality for individuals and society as a whole. [11] On the flipside, some products developed through nanotechnology also pose a threat to health. Some nanomaterials and particles have presented hazardous characteristics to human health and performance. Analyses and studies on some of the nano products and technologies which present unintended health hazards recommend responsible research and application of nanotechnologies [5]. Sustainability: Society looks for the sustainability of the resources that are its lifeblood. The current application and potential of Nanotechnology focusing on sustainable energy, water supply, agriculture food, materials and clean environment directly impact on the societys quality of life. Energy applications of nanotechnology pursue a parallel advance in achieving sustainable energy building on existing technologies. The threesome approach deals with: efficient energy conversion from primary form using a number of nanotech mechanisms e.g, nano-engineered solar cells, efficient storage energy storage through the use of supercapacitors developed through nanotechnology, and efficient energy saving mechanisms e.g. through the use of better thermoinsulators created using by nanomaterials [12] Sustainable energy is tightly bound with a clean environment. Achieving the former dramatically improves the later. Water supply is also an issue of concern for society where nanotech products and approaches are being used to improve the level of water supply either e.g. using nanotech for desalination. Agriculture and food production are also set to benefit from sustained research and development of nanotech application to agriculture. Defence and Security applications: Defence and security have long inspired the emergence of technologies perhaps because societies have often been reconfigured by conflict. The practical or even just the potential applications of nanotechnology to defence and security either in military weaponry and equipment or in intelligence continue to profoundly affect society. [5] A fundamental concern for society is who controls the resulting advances of nanotechnology thus raising legal and ethical issues. Studies show that society needs to respond at a quicker pace by being involved right from the get-go, putting in place and redefining policy mechanisms, regulation and control of these technologies [10]. Education and Culture: A combination of nanotechnology and other contemporary technologies such as Biotechnology and Information Technology portends a true Age of Transitions for society as has been argued by some experts [7]; a time when social structures and cultures are rapidly reconfigured and reengineered by a rapid technological evolution and eventual revolution. Robotics Robotics is area of emerging technologies that involves the study, design, construction and operation of robot system(s). Slightly variable definitions of a robot to encompass humanlike characteristics describe a broadened modern concept of robotics [13]. The application of Robotics, since the first practical realization of the concept in the early 60s, has increasingly worked its way into many sectors of todays business and society. The primary application of robotics has mostly to do with tasks that are either too dangerous or those that are too repetitive and too precise for humans. In essence, robotics seeks to enhance human performance. The general areas in business and society that continue to benefit from application of robotics in include [14]: Industrial, mainly in manufacturing either in precise or repetitive assembly repair among others so far the most established application of robotics. Healthcare performing complex and precise surgical procedures such as Radiosurgery, Tele-robotic surgery among other medical procedures. Aerospace, Military and security performance of dangerous and precise tasks relating to defence and security example of practical applications include the unmanned aerials and ground vehicles for surveillance, reconnaissance and exploration of hazardous environment. Agriculture Disaster Recovery and Infrastructure again, the use of robotics for the recovery and sometime repair of dangerous environments and difficult to reach areas of infrastructure respectively. Consumer Robotics for day-to-day tasks and service provision the least developed area of robotics but picking up pace. Impact of Robotics on business The robotics principle inspiration of enhancing human performance and the fundamental objectives of increasing productivity and quality in business foreshadow the impact of robotics in business. The application of advancing robotics to various areas of traditional business has and continues to compel change in business design and approach. Business and organizations trading in the primary areas of robotics application have had to reconfigure themselves inspired by this change. In many ways, the impact of robotics on manufacturing business foreshadows the impact of robotics on almost all other areas of industrial robotics application. Manufacturing thus may well be viewed as representative of other areas Infrastructure development, Agriculture and healthcare. Manufacturing: the extensive industrial application of robotics has, to a large extent, improved the efficiency of manufacturing businesses that have properly invested themselves in the potency of robotics. Case studies on some of these businesses show marked improvements in their performance, quality. Chrysler, for example, a leading automobile manufacturer was able to cut cost and improve its flexibility by remodelling its business for the market and by leveraging advanced robotics. Their application of robotics enabled them to cost-efficiently produce a wider range of products [16]. The increasing need for application of robotics in other manufacturing areas like packaging and processing is also opening up new business opportunities for robotics. The trend in manufacturing now is that more and more businesses are inclined to robotics and related automation for their existence. However, although the benefits of applying robotics are worthwhile on the long term for business, the initial investments are, more often than not, prohibitive. This has been the case and will probably continue to hound business into the next generation. Parallel advances in complimentary technologies however likely to mitigate problem. In healthcare, apart from the performance of repetitive tasks, the cutting edge application of robotics is mostly towards the performance of highly complex surgical procedures. However, robotics application here is tightly bound to the human in the sense that robots are not autonomous. Consumer robotics is a fairly new application area that involves a much smaller scale of applications compared to industrial. This might be at the product distribution level like dispensing machines Military and security: investments in robotics for military and security use are leading the advance in robotics as a technology through research and development. Often, the output of these advances translates to new business opportunities when converted or modified for civilian applications. Contemporary technologies such the internet and wireless telecommunication were first military and defence technologies before they became commercialized for business. Aerospace applications: Robotics application in exploratory research and development like aerospace are also contributing to the advancement of robotics and in turn inspiring fresh business area applications such as infrastructure maintenance and transport. Impact of Robotics on society As mentioned above, robotics portends to improve and enhance human performance. To some extent, this does impact society positively. A societys health and safety is improved for instance by the use of robots to perform dangerous and hazardous tasks. However, large scale industrial robotics application may mean job losses especially when robots begin to replace human workers. The implications here are far reaching. Apart from the short term effects of conflict, there is the long term reconfiguration of society to accommodate the changes. In the long term, education and training and other related areas have to be reviewed. There are also broader societal issues such as the need for environment sustainability where robotics portends both positive and negative impacts. The application of robotics in military defence, weaponry and security such as the use unmanned aerial vehicles for surveillance revisits the concern of who controls technologies thus raising legal and ethical issues. Robotics and other complimentary technologies continue to influence social evolution by directly effecting change in education and social culture. In other worlds robotics has contributed to the change in the way we live our lives. There is an increasing societal dependence on technologies even though they dont resolve age old societal challenges such as poverty and justice. Conclusion Emerging of technologies often invite scrutiny in the interest of business and society the ultimate consumers of technology. Nanotechnology and Robotics are no different. This scrutiny, as has been illustrated in this report, often takes the form of assessments on the impacts of these technologies on business and society. Again, as shown, assessing and articulating the impacts of technologies is not a simple exercise especially when they are just emerging. It is often a process informed by diverse and sometimes opposing views from leading experts and representatives from society and business. In the end, the impacts identified, positive or negative, define the viability of an emerging technology. The assessment of Nanotechnology and Robotics in this report, perhaps because of the width and depth of their potential applications, yields an overall positive outlook for business and society and in turn for their success as emerging technologies.

Education Essay -- essays research papers

Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In many different ways, American cultural life during the Jeffersonian Era began to appear as a reflection of the Republican vision of the future. The Republicans had observed many modernizing trends, some of them favorable and others detrimental to their view of an ideal society. American religion began to adjust to the spread of Enlightenment philosophies. However, one of the most notable alterations was the new emphasis placed upon education. As more and more opportunities for learning arose, the nations literary and artistic life began to digress from the European influences which had governed early colonial society for years. In many respects, the new culture was the antithesis of many Republican ideals, and the new education system fell into that category.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The foundation of the Republican conception of America was based upon a virtuous and educated population; Jefferson himself called for a â€Å"crusade against ignorance.† Unmistakably, the Republicans believed that a nationwide system of schools should be created to produce the first wave of an educated populace, which they believed was necessary to the advancement of society. Under the Republican view, all white male citizens would receive a free education. Nonetheless, they were unable to actualize that ideal. However, many of the Republican efforts to better education would in turn spur a movement later on in which an erudite society would thrive...

Use of a Thrust Stage in Ruby Moon

The texts studied in class, Matt Cameron’s Ruby Moon prove to have great potential for being performed on a thrust stage. When presented with a space such as this, it allows the director to be exposed to a vast array of ideas, conventions and concepts that would not be effective on a proscenium arch stage. Through this space, the director is able to break through all traditional styles of classic shoe box theatre; creating a unique experience for the audience as opposed to just a spectacle.It cracks open wide the expressions, notions and insecurities of the text and the characters, exposing a physical sense of vulnerability and weakness. By placing audiences on three sides of the space evolves the concept of many people peering into the lives of both Ray and Sylvie (Ruby Moon). It enforces the concept of the audience being given the opportunity to experience this fractured fairy tale or very real circumstance within a theatrical scenario.Furthermore, this space enables the aud ience to be engulfed in the style and absurdist, gothic, fast-paced and heart wrenching Ruby Moon. Many may be turned away from the idea of political theatre/ Brechtian but when placed on a thrust stage, the texts still obtain the same concepts and dramatic meaning, however elements of drama such as tension, space, contrast, mood and audience/spectator relationship are magnified; focusing more on the conventions of the play as opposed to just the messages.Theatrical elements such as costume, set and lighting also have the opportunity to be re-worked and re-invented to cater for the space. Ruby Moon delivers a series of quirky characters that Ray and Sylvie visit along the street of Flaming Tree Grove. Incorporating the style of transformational acting. Read also:Â  Moon By Chaim Potok

Visual Rhetoric in Persepolis - 1006 Words

Nils Tangemann Josh Holland English A SL C-Code Section: Part 3 Works read: Satrapi, Marjane. Persepolis. Pantheon. New York. 2003 Question: How and why is a social group represented in a particular way? The Display of Revolutionists in Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis In Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis there are several important social groups that all play a role towards creating the whole picture that describes little Marji’s everyday life in 1970s Iran. The nature of the revolution during that time created a huge divide between the different social groups. This was dominated by different opinions that were expressed using violence, intimidation and other mental and physical threatening methods. Satrapi uses visual representation and†¦show more content†¦Similarly, in Marji’s description the army uses techniques that clearly aim for the less educated and poor people to join the military. A plastic key on a chain is distributed to the less educated in order to convince them that they will go to heaven if they fight for their country. Satrapi uses the dialogue between her mother and their housekeeper to indicate how upset the upper social class us about the strategy that the government uses to persuade the innocent youth of Iran (Satrapi 99). The government clearly aims for the young adults that do not have much of a choice other than joining the army and dying at a young age. On top of that, they are also naà ¯ve enough to believe that the key will bring them to heaven. Mrs. Nasrine tells the story of how her son is being convinced to go to the army (Satrapi 100). The family helps to convince Mrs. Nasrine’s son that the government is spreading lies (Satrapi 101). Marji’s mother is debunking the myths of the government in front of everyone’s eyes. The author uses this technique to express her own, negative opinion for the government and the manner in which they treat the young adults and not caring about their lives. In conclusion, certain techniques of visual rhetoric and plot devices can be detected in the novel and are utilized to express the personal opinion of the author whilst displaying the revolutionary government as incompetent and unqualified. The followers ofShow MoreRelatedHow and Why Is a Social Group Represented in a Particular Way? Persepolis1442 Words   |  6 Pagesin Iran. * Give and explain evidence of how the author presents that different social groups were marginalized/silenced. * Show how Marji and her parents shared the same beliefs when making reference to the regime.    The graphic novel Persepolis, by Marjane Satrapi, explores her childhood years in the middle of the Islamic Revolution. 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